英语国际音标、英语基本句子成份

同步教学

命题人：黄冈中学教师 邓建平

第一部分

一、 音素

1、单元音：

　　

2、双元音：

　　

3、清、浊辅音：

　　

二、语音的基本常识

1、音节的划分

　　一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。

　　

2、重读音节

　　任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“'”。

　　

3、浊化音

　　以sp__, st___, sk___开头的单词清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/。

　　

4、定冠词the的读音

　　

　　e.g. the man

　　c.f. the old man

5、不完全爆破

　　爆破音[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 后面紧跟另一个爆破音时，前面的那个爆破音只在口腔内形成阻碍，而不能完全读出。

　　e.g. basketball

　　the part of the earth

6、连读

　　在一个短语或句子中，如果相邻两词的关系相等密切，而前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，辅音和元素连在一起读。

　　

7、意群的停顿

　　对于一个较长的句子，可以抓据意思和结构将其划分成几个意群，一个意群必须一口气说完。

　　

第二部分 英语句子成份

一、术语及符号

1、主语 subject 　　　　　====

2、谓语 predicate 　　　　_____

3、表语 predicative　　　 _____

4、宾语 object　　　　　　

5、宾补 object complement [ ]

6、状语 adverbial　　　　 { }

7、定语 attribute　　　　 ←( )

8、同位语 appositive　　　=( )

9、插入语 parenthesis 　　

二、例句分析

Group 1

Group 2

系动词除be外，还有look, sound, smell, taste, seem, appear, become, turn, get, go ,keep, stay, remain等。

Group 3

Group 4

Group 5

2、Today he gave me some good advice on English study and I bought him a gift.

主谓+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），可将间接宾语改为to或for短语

例句2 可改写为：Today he gave some good advice to me on English study and I bought a gift for him.

Group 6

2、I went {to a shop}{ to buy him a gift}.

主谓（宾）+状 [s +vi./vot.+(o)+Adv.]

3、Mr. Spen was very happy {when he received the gift}.

4、{Receiving the gift}. Mr Spen was very happy.

Group 7

定语修饰名词置于名词之前或之后，单个词前置，短语或从句后置。

Group 8

同位语（短语或从句充当）与先行词为等同关系，说明先行词。

Group 9

插入语可置于句首，句中或句末，常用逗号将插入语与句子的其它成份分开。

Ex.请划出下列句子成份

1、You should study hard.

2、The teacher got very angry.

3、Last night I wrote a letter.

4、Mrs. White looks after my children.

5、The boy told me his story.

6、We elected him our monitor.

7、The sun keeps us warm.

8、I told him to open the window.

9、We watched the train leaving the station.

10、I think it difficult to finish the work this morning.

11、There were only a few factories in the city.

12、There seems little hopes of success.

13、We all think that the TV play is worth seeing.

14、To our joy, they arrived safe.

15、The fact is very clear that our team will win the game.

16、I wonder where he came from.

17、After graduation he will work where he came from.

18、He will work on the small farm where he came from.

答案：

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